{
  "schema": "omnisaura.snapshot/v2",
  "uid": "omnisaura:profile:triceratops",
  "genus": "Triceratops",
  "generated_at": "2026-10-12T10:16:43Z",
  "raw_run": "2026-10-12",
  "profile": {
    "name": {
      "value": "Triceratops",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "value": "Marsh 1889",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "type_species": {
      "value": "Triceratops horridus",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "order": {
      "value": "Ornithischia",
      "rule": "Gap filled from NHM",
      "rule_id": "merge:gap_fill_nhm",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "family": {
      "value": "Ceratopsidae",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        },
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "value": "Triceratopsini",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "headline": {
      "value": [
        83.6,
        66.0,
        "Campanian",
        "Maastrichtian"
      ],
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "evidence": {
      "value": [
        83.6,
        66.0
      ],
      "rule": "Omnisaura synthesis: span of confirmed PBDB records",
      "rule_id": "merge:omnisaura_synthesis_confirmed_occurrences",
      "synthesis": true,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "value": [
        "CA",
        "US"
      ],
      "rule": "Union of all sources (ISO 3166)",
      "rule_id": "merge:union_iso3166",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        },
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "value": [
        "Denver",
        "Dinosaur Park",
        "Ferris",
        "Frenchman",
        "Hall Lake",
        "Hell Creek Formation",
        "Lance Formation",
        "Laramie Formation",
        "Medicine Bow",
        "Scollard"
      ],
      "rule": "Canonical names, automatic and editor-approved matches applied",
      "rule_id": "merge:canonical_formations",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        },
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "value": [
        "zh:三角龍"
      ],
      "rule": "Wikidata leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_wikidata",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "wikidata",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "named_after": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    }
  },
  "confidence": {
    "name": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata identify the same genus."
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "type_species": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "family": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and NHM agree."
      ]
    },
    "order": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only NHM gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "NHM"
    },
    "headline": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and NHM agree."
      ]
    },
    "evidence": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "reasons": [
        "Omnisaura's calculation from 135 confirmed PBDB records."
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only Wikidata gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "Wikidata"
    },
    "countries": {
      "level": "mixed",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "Entries differ; see each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "CA",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (13 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "US",
          "level": "high",
          "basis": "corroborated",
          "reasons": [
            "NHM and PBDB both record it."
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "level": "mixed",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "Entries differ; see each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "Denver",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (2 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Dinosaur Park",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Ferris",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (2 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Frenchman",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (11 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Hall Lake",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Hell Creek Formation",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (60 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Lance Formation",
          "level": "high",
          "basis": "corroborated",
          "reasons": [
            "NHM and PBDB both record it."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Laramie Formation",
          "level": "high",
          "basis": "corroborated",
          "reasons": [
            "NHM and PBDB both record it."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Medicine Bow",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Scollard",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "gaps": {
    "missing": [
      {
        "field": "named_after",
        "label": "Named after",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      }
    ],
    "single_source": [
      {
        "field": "type_species",
        "label": "Type species",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "parent_name",
        "label": "Parent group",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "order",
        "label": "Order",
        "source": "NHM"
      },
      {
        "field": "common_names",
        "label": "Common names",
        "source": "Wikidata"
      }
    ],
    "disputed": [],
    "withheld": [
      {
        "records": "occurrences",
        "status": "related_other_genus",
        "count": 7,
        "reason": "occurrences with status related_other_genus"
      },
      {
        "records": "occurrences",
        "status": "tentative",
        "count": 24,
        "reason": "PBDB fossil records identified only tentatively (for example 'cf.' or '?')"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assessment": {
    "levels": {
      "high": "Two independent sources agree, or an editor has ruled.",
      "medium": "One source; nothing contradicts it.",
      "low": "Sources disagree and no editor has ruled yet, or too few records."
    },
    "by": "Omnisaura",
    "license_id": "OMNISAURA-EDITORIAL"
  },
  "formation_matches": [
    {
      "name": "Hell Creek",
      "same_as": "Hell Creek Formation",
      "status": "automatic",
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "name": "Lance",
      "same_as": "Lance Formation",
      "status": "automatic",
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "name": "Laramie",
      "same_as": "Laramie Formation",
      "status": "automatic",
      "ruling": null
    }
  ],
  "credits": {
    "genus": "Triceratops",
    "scope": "confirmed matches only",
    "data_sources": [
      {
        "values": 8461,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04",
          "2026-10-10",
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "pbdb",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "attribution": "Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0.",
        "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
        "homepage": "https://paleobiodb.org"
      },
      {
        "values": 127,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04"
        ],
        "source": "nhm",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record.",
        "source_name": "Natural History Museum Data Portal",
        "homepage": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk"
      },
      {
        "values": 30,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04"
        ],
        "source": "wikidata",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0.",
        "source_name": "Wikidata",
        "homepage": "https://www.wikidata.org"
      }
    ],
    "images": [
      {
        "media_id": 90,
        "title": "File:202007 Triceratops horridus.svg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/202007_Triceratops_horridus.svg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:202007_Triceratops_horridus.svg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS)",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) (https://doi.org/10.7875/togopic.2020.171), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:202007_Triceratops_horridus.svg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 91,
        "title": "File:LA-Triceratops mount-2.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/LA-Triceratops_mount-2.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LA-Triceratops_mount-2.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Source: Allie_Caulfield Derivative: User:MathKnight",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Source: Allie_Caulfield Derivative: User:MathKnight (File:LA-Triceratops mount-1.jpg (by Allie_Caulfield )), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LA-Triceratops_mount-2.jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 92,
        "title": "File:Triceratops ROM Toronto.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Triceratops_ROM_Toronto.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Triceratops_ROM_Toronto.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Mykola Swarnyk",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Mykola Swarnyk (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Triceratops_ROM_Toronto.jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 93,
        "title": "File:UCMP Triceratops right.JPG",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/UCMP_Triceratops_right.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UCMP_Triceratops_right.JPG",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "EncycloPetey",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "EncycloPetey (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UCMP_Triceratops_right.JPG)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 79,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_24_0533",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/4a689d8e-3f9a-4830-aa9d-33614a23250f",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 10957",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/4a689d8e-3f9a-4830-aa9d-33614a23250f)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 88,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0205",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/e36b4202-f742-43c2-9b5a-0ffbbfb47884",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 3677",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/e36b4202-f742-43c2-9b5a-0ffbbfb47884)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 82,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0249",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07ef627d-6d97-4d94-9d5f-676841588a50",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 3886",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07ef627d-6d97-4d94-9d5f-676841588a50)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 87,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0249",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07ef627d-6d97-4d94-9d5f-676841588a50",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 3887",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07ef627d-6d97-4d94-9d5f-676841588a50)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 89,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_24_0193",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/0b7f7c7f-9e7f-4321-b015-cac1f1d4d8d6",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 8397",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/0b7f7c7f-9e7f-4321-b015-cac1f1d4d8d6)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 81,
        "title": "NHMUK PV R 10957 Triceratops gallery label",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/37266297-b44b-4c44-92af-1a35c9d9ca40",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 10957",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/37266297-b44b-4c44-92af-1a35c9d9ca40)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 80,
        "title": "NHMUK PV R 10957 Triceratops in gallery",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/ccbc4123-1b60-4514-bd4e-d0da2aa5ade4",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 10957",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/ccbc4123-1b60-4514-bd4e-d0da2aa5ade4)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 86,
        "title": "NHMUK_PV_R_3886_Triceratops_gallery_label",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07cad1c5-fc50-4463-8cb1-6869d5af7f35",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 3886",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07cad1c5-fc50-4463-8cb1-6869d5af7f35)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 85,
        "title": "NHMUK_PV_R_3886_Triceratops_specimen_in_gallery_02",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/6f5f6763-eb9a-434c-801f-f00c052334bc",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 3886",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/6f5f6763-eb9a-434c-801f-f00c052334bc)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 84,
        "title": "NHMUK_PV_R_3886_Triceratops_specimen_in_gallery_2024",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/34751d4d-4e06-452c-bc81-5d62e08d97fc",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 3886",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/34751d4d-4e06-452c-bc81-5d62e08d97fc)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 83,
        "title": "NHMUK_PV_R_3912_Trex_location_in_gallery",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/8b0e9b1c-ef3f-438c-aa04-591abe087da3",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 3886",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/8b0e9b1c-ef3f-438c-aa04-591abe087da3)"
      }
    ],
    "derived_ages": {
      "specimens": 2,
      "ics_version": "v2024/12"
    },
    "references": 241
  },
  "credits_markdown": "## Triceratops: Sources & credits\n\n_Scope: confirmed matches only._\n\n### Data\n- **Paleobiology Database** (https://paleobiodb.org): [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 4 October 2026, 10 October 2026, 11 October 2026.\n- **Natural History Museum Data Portal** (https://data.nhm.ac.uk): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record. Retrieved 4 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n- **Wikidata** (https://www.wikidata.org): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0. Retrieved 4 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n\nAges for 2 specimen(s) were derived from their stage names using the ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2024/12 (International Commission on Stratigraphy), via the Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0).\n\n### Images (15)\n- “File:202007 Triceratops horridus.svg” (Taxon image): DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) (https://doi.org/10.7875/togopic.2020.171), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:202007_Triceratops_horridus.svg). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “File:LA-Triceratops mount-2.jpg” (Taxon image): Source: Allie_Caulfield Derivative: User:MathKnight (File:LA-Triceratops mount-1.jpg (by Allie_Caulfield )), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LA-Triceratops_mount-2.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “File:Triceratops ROM Toronto.jpg” (Taxon image): Mykola Swarnyk (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Triceratops_ROM_Toronto.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “File:UCMP Triceratops right.JPG” (Taxon image): EncycloPetey (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UCMP_Triceratops_right.JPG). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_24_0533” (specimen PV R 10957): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/4a689d8e-3f9a-4830-aa9d-33614a23250f). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0205” (specimen PV R 3677): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/e36b4202-f742-43c2-9b5a-0ffbbfb47884). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0249” (specimen PV R 3886): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07ef627d-6d97-4d94-9d5f-676841588a50). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0249” (specimen PV R 3887): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07ef627d-6d97-4d94-9d5f-676841588a50). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_24_0193” (specimen PV R 8397): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/0b7f7c7f-9e7f-4321-b015-cac1f1d4d8d6). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK PV R 10957 Triceratops gallery label” (specimen PV R 10957): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/37266297-b44b-4c44-92af-1a35c9d9ca40). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK PV R 10957 Triceratops in gallery” (specimen PV R 10957): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/ccbc4123-1b60-4514-bd4e-d0da2aa5ade4). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK_PV_R_3886_Triceratops_gallery_label” (specimen PV R 3886): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/07cad1c5-fc50-4463-8cb1-6869d5af7f35). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK_PV_R_3886_Triceratops_specimen_in_gallery_02” (specimen PV R 3886): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/6f5f6763-eb9a-434c-801f-f00c052334bc). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK_PV_R_3886_Triceratops_specimen_in_gallery_2024” (specimen PV R 3886): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/34751d4d-4e06-452c-bc81-5d62e08d97fc). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK_PV_R_3912_Trex_location_in_gallery” (specimen PV R 3886): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/8b0e9b1c-ef3f-438c-aa04-591abe087da3). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n\n### Scientific references\n\n241 published reference(s) support this entry (via the Paleobiology Database).\n",
  "notice": "Omnisaura data combines sources under different licences. Every genus file lists its credits; anyone showing a value must show the credits for it. Images keep their own licences; share-alike images may only be shown unmodified.",
  "fossil_basis": "body",
  "original_description": {
    "citation": "O. C. Marsh (1889). Notice of gigantic horned Dinosauria from the Cretaceous. American Journal of Science 38: 173–175.",
    "authors": "O. C. Marsh",
    "year": 1889,
    "title": "Notice of gigantic horned Dinosauria from the Cretaceous",
    "publication": "American Journal of Science",
    "volume": "38",
    "issue": null,
    "pages": "173–175",
    "doi": "10.2475/ajs.s3-38.224.173",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-38.224.173",
    "what": "The publication the Paleobiology Database gives as the authority for this genus name, usually the one that first named and described it.",
    "confidence": {
      "level": "high",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Marsh 1889), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "source": "pbdb",
    "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
    "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "pbdb_reference_no": "7835"
  },
  "summary": "Omnisaura summary: Triceratops, Marsh 1889\n\n- Named by: Marsh 1889 (high confidence: PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Family: Ceratopsidae (high confidence: PBDB and NHM agree).\n- Order: Ornithischia (medium confidence: only NHM gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Parent group: Triceratopsini (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Type species: Triceratops horridus (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, as published by the Paleobiology Database: Campanian to Maastrichtian, 83.6–66 million years ago (high confidence: PBDB and NHM agree).\n- Age, Omnisaura's own calculation (not a published figure): 83.6–66 million years ago (medium confidence: Omnisaura's calculation from 135 confirmed PBDB records).\n- Fossils found in: United States (high: NHM and PBDB both record it); Canada (medium: only PBDB records it (13 records)).\n- Rock formations: Lance Formation (high: NHM and PBDB both record it); Laramie Formation (high: NHM and PBDB both record it); Denver (medium: only PBDB records it (2 records)); Ferris (medium: only PBDB records it (2 records)); Frenchman (medium: only PBDB records it (11 records)); Hell Creek Formation (medium: only PBDB records it (60 records)); Dinosaur Park (low: only one PBDB record); Hall Lake (low: only one PBDB record); Medicine Bow (low: only one PBDB record); Scollard (low: only one PBDB record).\n- Original description: O. C. Marsh (1889). Notice of gigantic horned Dinosauria from the Cretaceous. American Journal of Science 38: 173–175. https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-38.224.173 (high confidence: PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Marsh 1889), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Common names: 三角龍 (medium confidence: only Wikidata gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n\nNot known or disputed:\n- Named after: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- 31 fossil record(s) left out because their identification is uncertain.\n\nNot covered by Omnisaura: diet, size, weight, appearance or behaviour. Do not fill these in from general knowledge as if they came from Omnisaura.\n\nCredits (must be shown with any of this): Natural History Museum Data Portal (CC0-1.0); Paleobiology Database (CC-BY-4.0); Wikidata (CC0-1.0)."
}