{
  "schema": "omnisaura.snapshot/v2",
  "uid": "omnisaura:profile:archaeopteryx",
  "genus": "Archaeopteryx",
  "generated_at": "2026-10-12T10:16:43Z",
  "raw_run": "2026-10-12",
  "profile": {
    "name": {
      "value": "Archaeopteryx",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "value": "Meyer 1861",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "type_species": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "order": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "family": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "value": "Avialae",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "headline": {
      "value": [
        149.2,
        121.4,
        "Tithonian",
        "Barremian"
      ],
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "evidence": {
      "value": [
        149.2,
        143.1
      ],
      "rule": "Omnisaura synthesis: span of confirmed PBDB records",
      "rule_id": "merge:omnisaura_synthesis_confirmed_occurrences",
      "synthesis": true,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "value": [
        "DE"
      ],
      "rule": "Union of all sources (ISO 3166)",
      "rule_id": "merge:union_iso3166",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        },
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "value": [
        "Altmühltal",
        "Mörnsheim",
        "Painten",
        "Solnhofen Formation"
      ],
      "rule": "Canonical names, automatic and editor-approved matches applied",
      "rule_id": "merge:canonical_formations",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        },
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "value": [
        "zh:始祖鳥"
      ],
      "rule": "Wikidata leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_wikidata",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "wikidata",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "named_after": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    }
  },
  "confidence": {
    "name": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata identify the same genus."
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "headline": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and NHM agree."
      ]
    },
    "evidence": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "reasons": [
        "Omnisaura's calculation from 8 confirmed PBDB records."
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only Wikidata gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "Wikidata"
    },
    "countries": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "See each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "DE",
          "level": "high",
          "basis": "corroborated",
          "reasons": [
            "NHM and PBDB both record it."
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "level": "mixed",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "Entries differ; see each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "Altmühltal",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (4 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Mörnsheim",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Painten",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Solnhofen Formation",
          "level": "high",
          "basis": "corroborated",
          "reasons": [
            "NHM and PBDB both record it."
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "gaps": {
    "missing": [
      {
        "field": "type_species",
        "label": "Type species",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "order",
        "label": "Order",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "family",
        "label": "Family",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "named_after",
        "label": "Named after",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      }
    ],
    "single_source": [
      {
        "field": "parent_name",
        "label": "Parent group",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "common_names",
        "label": "Common names",
        "source": "Wikidata"
      }
    ],
    "disputed": [],
    "withheld": [
      {
        "records": "occurrences",
        "status": "related_other_genus",
        "count": 1,
        "reason": "occurrences with status related_other_genus"
      },
      {
        "records": "occurrences",
        "status": "tentative",
        "count": 1,
        "reason": "PBDB fossil records identified only tentatively (for example 'cf.' or '?')"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assessment": {
    "levels": {
      "high": "Two independent sources agree, or an editor has ruled.",
      "medium": "One source; nothing contradicts it.",
      "low": "Sources disagree and no editor has ruled yet, or too few records."
    },
    "by": "Omnisaura",
    "license_id": "OMNISAURA-EDITORIAL"
  },
  "formation_matches": [
    {
      "name": "Solnhofen",
      "same_as": "Solnhofen Formation",
      "status": "automatic",
      "ruling": null
    }
  ],
  "credits": {
    "genus": "Archaeopteryx",
    "scope": "confirmed matches only",
    "data_sources": [
      {
        "values": 1988,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04",
          "2026-10-05",
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "pbdb",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "attribution": "Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0.",
        "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
        "homepage": "https://paleobiodb.org"
      },
      {
        "values": 98,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-05"
        ],
        "source": "nhm",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record.",
        "source_name": "Natural History Museum Data Portal",
        "homepage": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk"
      },
      {
        "values": 30,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-05"
        ],
        "source": "wikidata",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0.",
        "source_name": "Wikidata",
        "homepage": "https://www.wikidata.org"
      }
    ],
    "images": [
      {
        "media_id": 182,
        "title": "File:Archaeopteryx NT.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Archaeopteryx_NT.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_NT.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "NobuTamura http://paleoexhibit.blogspot.com/ http://spinops.blogspot.com/",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "NobuTamura http://paleoexhibit.blogspot.com/ http://spinops.blogspot.com/ (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_NT.jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 183,
        "title": "File:Archaeopteryx lithographica - Pedro José Salas Fontelles (flipped).jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Archaeopteryx_lithographica_-_Pedro_Jos%C3%A9_Salas_Fontelles_%28flipped%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_lithographica_-_Pedro_Jos%C3%A9_Salas_Fontelles_(flipped).jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Pedro José Salas Fontelles",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Pedro José Salas Fontelles (File:Archaeopteryx lithographica - Pedro José Salas Fontelles.jpg), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_lithographica_-_Pedro_Jos%C3%A9_Salas_Fontelles_(flipped).jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 184,
        "title": "File:Archaeopteryx lithographica by durbed.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Archaeopteryx_lithographica_by_durbed.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_lithographica_by_durbed.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Durbed",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Durbed (http://durbed.deviantart.com/art/Archaeopteryx-litographica-313930947), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_lithographica_by_durbed.jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 185,
        "title": "File:Berlin Archaeopteryx.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Berlin_Archaeopteryx.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlin_Archaeopteryx.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Emily Willoughby (emily.a.willoughby@gmail.com)",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Emily Willoughby (emily.a.willoughby@gmail.com) (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlin_Archaeopteryx.jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 181,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_27_0057",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/38841039-bd6a-4276-9d3f-762185d18edc",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV A 5920",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/38841039-bd6a-4276-9d3f-762185d18edc)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 180,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_25_0143",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/2b8634ed-6316-4e3e-9e02-af0ea454d371",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV A 664",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/2b8634ed-6316-4e3e-9e02-af0ea454d371)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 179,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_05_0003",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/971366f2-1a9a-4d9d-bdf7-36997d00afcb",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV OR 37001",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/971366f2-1a9a-4d9d-bdf7-36997d00afcb)"
      }
    ],
    "derived_ages": {
      "specimens": 3,
      "ics_version": "v2024/12"
    },
    "references": 102
  },
  "credits_markdown": "## Archaeopteryx: Sources & credits\n\n_Scope: confirmed matches only._\n\n### Data\n- **Paleobiology Database** (https://paleobiodb.org): [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 4 October 2026, 5 October 2026, 11 October 2026.\n- **Natural History Museum Data Portal** (https://data.nhm.ac.uk): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record. Retrieved 5 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n- **Wikidata** (https://www.wikidata.org): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0. Retrieved 5 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n\nAges for 3 specimen(s) were derived from their stage names using the ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2024/12 (International Commission on Stratigraphy), via the Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0).\n\n### Images (7)\n- “File:Archaeopteryx NT.jpg” (Taxon image): NobuTamura http://paleoexhibit.blogspot.com/ http://spinops.blogspot.com/ (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_NT.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “File:Archaeopteryx lithographica - Pedro José Salas Fontelles (flipped).jpg” (Taxon image): Pedro José Salas Fontelles (File:Archaeopteryx lithographica - Pedro José Salas Fontelles.jpg), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_lithographica_-_Pedro_Jos%C3%A9_Salas_Fontelles_(flipped).jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “File:Archaeopteryx lithographica by durbed.jpg” (Taxon image): Durbed (http://durbed.deviantart.com/art/Archaeopteryx-litographica-313930947), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeopteryx_lithographica_by_durbed.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “File:Berlin Archaeopteryx.jpg” (Taxon image): Emily Willoughby (emily.a.willoughby@gmail.com) (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlin_Archaeopteryx.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_27_0057” (specimen PV A 5920): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/38841039-bd6a-4276-9d3f-762185d18edc). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_25_0143” (specimen PV A 664): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/2b8634ed-6316-4e3e-9e02-af0ea454d371). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_05_0003” (specimen PV OR 37001): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/971366f2-1a9a-4d9d-bdf7-36997d00afcb). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n\n### Scientific references\n\n102 published reference(s) support this entry (via the Paleobiology Database).\n",
  "notice": "Omnisaura data combines sources under different licences. Every genus file lists its credits; anyone showing a value must show the credits for it. Images keep their own licences; share-alike images may only be shown unmodified.",
  "fossil_basis": null,
  "original_description": {
    "citation": "H. v. Meyer (1861). [Die Feder von Solenhofen] [The feather of Solnhofen]. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1861: 678–679.",
    "authors": "H. v. Meyer",
    "year": 1861,
    "title": "[Die Feder von Solenhofen] [The feather of Solnhofen]",
    "publication": "Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde",
    "volume": "1861",
    "issue": null,
    "pages": "678–679",
    "doi": null,
    "url": null,
    "what": "The publication the Paleobiology Database gives as the authority for this genus name, usually the one that first named and described it.",
    "confidence": {
      "level": "high",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Meyer 1861), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "source": "pbdb",
    "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
    "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "pbdb_reference_no": "35969"
  },
  "summary": "Omnisaura summary: Archaeopteryx, Meyer 1861\n\n- Named by: Meyer 1861 (high confidence: PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Parent group: Avialae (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, as published by the Paleobiology Database: Tithonian to Barremian, 149.2–121.4 million years ago (high confidence: PBDB and NHM agree).\n- Age, Omnisaura's own calculation (not a published figure): 149.2–143.1 million years ago (medium confidence: Omnisaura's calculation from 8 confirmed PBDB records).\n- Fossils found in: Germany (high: NHM and PBDB both record it).\n- Rock formations: Solnhofen Formation (high: NHM and PBDB both record it); Altmühltal (medium: only PBDB records it (4 records)); Mörnsheim (low: only one PBDB record); Painten (low: only one PBDB record).\n- Original description: H. v. Meyer (1861). [Die Feder von Solenhofen] [The feather of Solnhofen]. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1861: 678–679. (high confidence: PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Meyer 1861), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Common names: 始祖鳥 (medium confidence: only Wikidata gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n\nNot known or disputed:\n- Type species: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Order: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Family: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Named after: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- 2 fossil record(s) left out because their identification is uncertain.\n\nNot covered by Omnisaura: diet, size, weight, appearance or behaviour. Do not fill these in from general knowledge as if they came from Omnisaura.\n\nCredits (must be shown with any of this): Natural History Museum Data Portal (CC0-1.0); Paleobiology Database (CC-BY-4.0); Wikidata (CC0-1.0)."
}